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2.11. Diagnostics of malfunctions of steering

The side play of a steering wheel is excessive

Spherical hinges of components of the steering drive are worn-out, or their landing weakened. Tighten fixture, or replace defective components.

The steering mechanism is worn-out, or its adjustment is broken. If after adjustment performance the side play of a steering wheel does not return to normal, it is necessary to make capital repairs of the steering mechanism with replacement of defective components and final adjustment.

Plugs of a cross jet bar are worn-out. Replace plugs.

Landing of a bipod of the steering mechanism on sector to a shaft weakened. Tighten a fixing nut.

Bolts of fastening of assembly of the steering mechanism weakened (see an accompanying illustration). Tighten fixture.

The flexible coupling or cardan hinges of a steering shaft are faulty. Replace defective components.

The side play of components of the steering drive is best of all shown at the car lowered on forward wheels. Ask the assistant to rotate a steering wheel and visually estimate degree of wear of components of the drive of steering. If the weak point of the steering mechanism is obviously shown at the rectilinear provision of forward wheels of the car, most likely adjustment of the mechanism is broken. If the side play does not disappear after adjustment performance, the steering mechanism needs to be removed for performing capital repairs.

Too hard course of a steering wheel takes place

Too poorly, or tires are pumped unevenly up. Check rating pressure, in case of need make adjustment.

Level of hydraulic liquid fell in the tank of system of hydrostrengthening of a wheel. Check system for existence of signs of leaks, make necessary corrections and/or replacements. Add liquid to the required level.

Adjustment of the steering mechanism is broken. Check, execute necessary adjustment.

There is a jamming of a steering shaft. Find out the jamming reason, replace defective components.

The steering pump does not provide a due pressure. Check a state and effort of a tension of a driving belt of the pump, and also level of hydraulic liquid in the tank of system of hydrostrengthening. In case of need replace the pump.

Check sufficiency of depth of a pattern of protectors and correctness of pressure of a rating of tires of both forward wheels.
Before starting check of geometrical parameters of the steering drive, estimate degree of wear of components of the forward bridge.

The car at the rectilinear movement on a horizontal surface takes away in one of the parties

Tires are unevenly worn-out or beefy. Check a state and pressure of a rating of tires. In case of need make replacement of tires or adjustment of pressure.

Adjustment of angles of installation of forward wheels is broken. Check, make adjustment. Brake mechanisms of forward wheels "are taken". Check supports for existence of signs of leak of brake fluid and jamming of pistons. Replace defective components.

Components of a forward suspension bracket or forward beams of the chassis are damaged. Check. Replace defective components.

If tires of forward wheels of the car are found in satisfactory condition, lift a front of the car and rotate both forward wheels for check of brakes on "prikhvatyvaniye".
For check of angles of installation of forward wheels measure distances from the center of disks of forward wheels to the center of disks of back wheels from both boards of the car. At the rectilinear provision of forward wheels results of measurements have to coincide.

The side beating or angular oscillating motion of the operated wheels arising at low speeds of the movement (shimma) takes place

Fastening of the steering mechanism weakened. Make adjustment or capital repairs of the steering mechanism.

The shock-absorber of the steering mechanism is faulty or its rubber plugs are destroyed as a result of material aging. Remove the shock-absorber and check its state (see an accompanying illustration). in case of need replace rubber plugs.

Are unevenly worn-out, or tires are pumped incorrectly up. Check a state and pressure of a rating of tires. In case of need make replacement of tires or adjustment of pressure.

Balancing of wheels is broken. Check, balance.

Damage of components or violation of geometry of a front of the car takes place. Check, execute necessary corrections or adjustment of geometrical parameters.

Bearings of forward wheels are worn-out, or their adjustment is roughly broken. Check a condition of bearings, modify a pretightness, or replace bearings.

Adjustment of angles of installation of forward wheels of the car is broken. Check, make necessary adjustment.

Spherical hinges are worn-out, or their landing weakened. Check, tighten fixture, or replace defective components.

Check a condition of components of the steering drive. Lift a car front for check and adjustment of a pretightness of wheel bearings. For check of a condition of bearings serially pull wheels in the cross direction, having grasped them above and below. The side play has to be absent absolutely.

Controllability violation by the car or loss of course stability takes place

Adjustment of angles of installation of forward wheels is broken. Check, in case of need make adjustment.

The protector of tires of forward wheels is wiped. Check, in case of need replace tires.

The steering drive side play is excessive. Check, replace worn-out components, in case of need make adjustment of the steering mechanism.

It is exceeded, or pressure of a rating of tires is belittled. Check, modify pressure.

Weakened, or the pretightness of bearings of naves of forward wheels is incorrectly exposed. Check, execute necessary adjustment.

The side play in spherical hinges is excessive. Check, replace defective components. Also check a condition of covers of spherical hinges.

Serviceability of functioning of the power steering is broken

The driving belt of the steering pump is torn off, or adjustment of effort of its tension is broken. Check a condition of a belt (see an accompanying illustration), make replacement, or tighten a belt with the required effort.

Liquid level fell in the tank of system of hydrostrengthening of a wheel. Check whether there is no liquid leak, make necessary repair, or replace defective components. Add liquid to the required level.

The steering pump does not provide a due pressure. Check, in case of need replace the pump.

Assembly of the hydrostrengthened steering mechanism is faulty. Remove assembly, make its capital repairs.

Leak of hydraulic liquid takes place

The tank of hydraulic liquid, the steering pump or the steering mechanism are damaged, or their fastening weakened. Check, tighten fixture, or replace defective components.

Are damaged, or hydraulic hoses are destroyed as a result of material aging. Check, replace defective hoses.

Attentively check for existence of signs of leaks all hydraulic lines of system of hydrostrengthening of a wheel (see an accompanying illustration).

Noise of the hydrostrengthened steering mechanism take place

The driving belt of the steering pump is damaged, or its tension weakened. Adjust effort of a tension of a belt, or replace it.

Air got to hydraulic system. Pump over system.

Hoses and tubes of hydraulic lines are incorrectly connected, or their nipple connections weakened. Connect lines correctly, tighten nipple connections.

Basic arms of the steering pump are displaced, or their fastening weakened. Improve situation of arms, tighten fixture.

Violation of passability of hydraulic lines can also be the cause of noise in the steering mechanism. Attentively examine hoses and tubes of lines on existence of excesses and twisting.