3. Settings and routine maintenance
General information
Councils for an otdavaniye of the "stuck" fixture
Before starting an otdavaniye, the stuck carving fixture should be impregnated with plentifully getting oil for some time. Being absorbed, oil softens corrosion deposits that significantly facilitates the further procedure of untwisting of a nut or reversing of the bolt/screw.
It is possible to destroy corrosion deposits by also sharp blows of the hammer struck to a bolt head.
The convenient device for an otdavaniye of the stuck fixture is the shock drive which can be completed with both a face head, and a nozzle in the form of a screw-driver sting.
Warming up of a body of a component in which the resistant bolt / screw (or a nut body) is screwed in by a blowtorch, a torch of gas welding, etc. can help with especially hard cases. However, at warming up of the components made of aluminum alloys it is worth to remember that the melting point of aluminum is ready below than at steel - be not overzealous.
If any of the listed methods do not manage to release the stuck nut fixture, it is necessary to make carefully by means of a hacksaw on it side nadpit (parallel to fixture axis), then to pull down a nut a chisel, watching incidentally not to damage a bolt/hairpin carving.
The damaged carving can be then is restored with the help a lerok or taps of the suitable size. If the carving in a fixing opening is damaged so that is not subject to restoration, it is necessary to increase an opening by means of a drill, then to cut in it a new carving a suitable tap. Alternatively, in need of preservation of the former size of a carving it is possible to establish a spiral insert in an opening.
Hairpins
Besides, the set of special devices for extraction of hairpins is issued - ask in shops of auto parts.
Epiploons
Extraction of epiploons is usually made by a poddevaniye by their screw-driver with a flat sting or other suitable tool. At the same time it is necessary to observe the known care not to damage a contact surface of a component on which the epiploon is established.
The epiploon which is subject to unambiguous replacement can be also removed by a vvorachivaniye in its face surface of several self-tapping screws. Then the epiploon is taken for self-tapping screws by grab of their heads by flat-nose pliers.
Before installation of a new epiploon surely grease its sponges.
If the return is not stipulated by the instruction, the epiploon is always established by sponges towards the condensed cavity. When clothing an epiploon on pins of shaft it is necessary to take care of to damaging its sponge about keen edges of shponochny grooves or shlits. For this purpose a dangerous part of a pin needs to be wound with an adhesive tape.
Installation of a new epiploon is made by means of wooden whetstone, a face head or a piece of a pipe of suitable diameter. Track that sponges of an epiploon settled down in a plane pin axis horizontal relatively, otherwise there can be an epiploon flexure that will lead to development of leaks. If depth of landing of an epiploon is not stipulated especially, it is necessary to establish it aflush with an external surface of the corresponding component.
Laying
At division of two components which are hermetically put at each other (for example, a head and the block of cylinders) it is not necessary to enter the lever between their interfaced surfaces. It is a gross blunder and is fraught with irreversible damage of the condensed surfaces, in particular if components are made of soft aluminum alloy.
Components can be dismembered by an obstukivaniye on joint perimeter by the hammer with soft brisk, or the ordinary hammer through wooden whetstone. Before installation by new laying both interfaced surfaces have to be carefully cleared of material of old laying and traces of sealant.
Make sure that replaceable laying answers in the parameters old and correctly it is imposed on fixing and technological openings of the joined components.
Pith and paper laying at is subject to shrinkage and before installation after long storage has to be soaked in water.
Bearings and plugs
If the special stripper for extraction of the bearing/plug available does not appear, its equivalent can often be made of improvised material quite successfully.
Bearings often can be removed from the shaft / axes by a careful obstukivaniye serially from the opposite sides (use the hammer and a drift).
In the absence of near at hand suitable press the plug can be installed by its latching together with the component in a vice. A vice can use as well for extraction of the plug. For this purpose the pro-rates suitable by the size, one of which has to rest against the plug, and the second, the bigger size - in a component surface will be required. Instead of a vice it is possible to use big and rather strong clamp here.
The elementary tool for extraction and installation of plugs can be manufactured of a long bolt, two washers (small and big), a nut and a tubular pro-rate (see accompanying illustrations).
| 1 — a bolt 2 — the plug 3 — a washer 4 — a nut |
| 1 — a bolt 2 — the plug 3 — a washer 4 — a nut 5 — a pro-rate 6 — a big washer |
The rubber plugs and plugs installed in deaf openings are taken by means of the special, used by bricklayers bolt of razvaltsovanny type (Rawlbolt Loxin). Densely put the bolt suitable by the size in the plug. Hardly screw it in the plug. Now the plug can be taken for a bolt by means of the hammer with sliding brisk or pairs of levers.
The plugs put in deaf openings can be also taken with use of hydraulic effort. Having filled a plug opening lubricant, enter rather hardly entering drift into an opening and begin to zastukivat it inside. At the same time the plug under action of hydraulic pressure will begin to come from an opening to light.
Provorachivaniye of a bent shaft
There is a set of situations when there is a need in provorachivaniye of a bent shaft for the purpose of its reduction in a certain situation (for example at installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition, check of phases of gas distribution, etc.).
For simplification of a provorachivaniye of the engine turn out from it spark plugs, - it will take off compression pressure.
It is the simplest to turn a bent shaft by means of a face replaceable head (with the drive) or a cap key which should be dressed on a nut of a pulley of a bent shaft. The shaft should be turned in the direction of normal rotation.
On cars with RKPP the engine can be turned, having put transmission on the highest transfer and having pushed the car. Alternatively the car can be raised above the ground and, having chosen the highest transfer, to turn one of driving wheels forward manually.
Also bent shaft can be given to the next to required position by short inclusions of a starter. Then the provision of a shaft is corrected by a provorachivaniye of a bent shaft for a pulley nut.