3.4. Settings of the engine and description of the main procedures of its service
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Implementation of the listed below procedures will require the following special tools:
- Kompressometr;
- Tachometer and stroboscope;
- Duration measuring instrument (on a corner) the closed condition of contacts of the breaker of the distributor (for models of 4.2 l).
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Service of the air cleaner
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The air cleaner is equipped with the paper filtering element. Check of a state and cleaning of an element has to be made according to the schedule of routine maintenance given above, but at least through each 3000 km on models of 4.2 l (see an accompanying illustration) and 5000 km on models of 3.0 l. |
Replacement of an element of the air cleaner is recommended to be carried out at least through each 40000 km of a run. At the same time the interval has to be respectively reduced if the car is operated in intense conditions.
Before getting to the air cleaner the soaked-up air there passes through preliminary a pyleotdelitel of cyclonic type where it twists therefore the most part of dust is besieged on separator walls. The accumulated dust should be deleted periodically by tightening of a rubber cover in the form of a duck beak in the lower part of the case of a pyleotdelitel.
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Pour in the paper filtering elements are not subject to washing with gasoline or any other solvent. At treatment of an element fuel or oil it has to be replaced with new.
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- Give one or several (depending on an air cleaner design) nuts lambs of fastening of the top cover of the air cleaner, remove a washer(s). Release the remained clips, uncover and take the filtering element from the main case of the air cleaner.
- Wipe a cover and the case of the air cleaner from within, having carefully cleared them of dust and oil deposits. At the same time try not to allow hits of foreign objects and other garbage in a carburetor mouth
- Check a condition of an element, in case of need replace it. You make installation upside-down. At the same time pay attention to the next moments:
- The element has to be established strictly on the center of the main case of the air cleaner;
- Before tightening nuts lambs, record the top cover clips;
- At first tighten nuts lambs only before introduction them in contact with a cover surface, then hold on them on three turns.
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The models of 4.2 l of late years of release equipped with system of injection of fuel (EFI)
In the air cleaner of the models equipped with the EFI system the filtering element which does not need periodic cleaning between replacements is established viscous.
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Replacement of such filtering element is made through each 40 000 km of a run (see an accompanying illustration), and this interval should be considered only approximate as in case of operation of the car in intense conditions. |
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- Disconnect a negative wire from the battery.
- Disunite the electric socket of the measuring instrument of an air stream, disconnect vacuum hoses from the measuring instrument.
- Release clips of fastening of the top part of a casing of the air cleaner to lower.
- Raise the top half of a casing and take the filtering element. You make installation upside-down taking into account the next moments:
- Before assembly of the air cleaner carefully wipe both half of its casing from within and outside of the rags moistened in oil, watching that the garbage did not get to the measuring instrument of an air stream.
- Track correctness of installation of an element in the top half of a casing of the air cleaner.
- Track reliability of connection of an electrical wiring to the measuring instrument of an air stream.
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Check of a state and replacement of the fuel filter
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In a motive compartment examine the fuel filter on existence of signs of hit in it of dirt and water (on an accompanying illustration the arrangement of the fuel filter on models of 3.0 l is shown). In case of identification of those or if the term of planned change of the filter approached, start its replacement. |
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- Take the filter from an assembly collar and press a clip near the filter the hose going from the fuel tank. When tightening a clip try not to damage a hose.
- Establish drain capacity under the filter. Release hose collars, disconnect the filter from the fuel line and merge the fuel remains from hoses in the prepared capacity.
- Put on hoses the corresponding unions of the new filter and tighten collars.
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At turning on of the filter in the line track that the arrow on its case specified in the direction of a stream of fuel.
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- Remove a clip from a fuel pipe and install the filter in an assembly collar.
- Start the engine and check the installed filter for existence of signs of leak of fuel.
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The models of 4.2 l of late years of release equipped with system of injection of fuel (EFI)
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- Dump pressure in a power supply system for what:
- Give screws and lift the relay panel located in a motive compartment located in the neighbourhood with the battery. Uncover and take a safety lock of the fuel pump on 15 A (see an accompanying illustration);
- Start the engine and let's it work on single turns to a spontaneous stop. For a guarantee of completeness of dumping of pressure include a starter for 10 seconds;
- Switch off ignition.
- Disconnect a negative wire from the battery.
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- Find in a motive compartment the fuel filter (see an accompanying illustration) and establish under it the drain capacity made of BMS-material and weaken fastening collars on the filter of fuel hoses.
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- Disconnect hoses from the filter and remove the filter, having remembered its adjusting direction.
- Install the new filter, having correctly deployed it in relation to the direction of a stream of fuel. Check a condition of fuel hoses, in case of need make replacement.
- Connect hoses to the filter and reliably tighten collars of their fastening.
- Establish into place a safety lock of the fuel pump and start the engine. Check the filter for existence of signs of leak of fuel.
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Adjustment of a tension of driving belts
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The correct adjustment of effort of a tension of driving belts allows to avoid their slipping, at the same time without overloading bearings of the served units that is especially important in case of the generator and the water pump. |
Схемв laying of driving belts on models with the engine of 3.0 l
Laying of belts on the engine of 4.2 l
Ventilatory belt (belts)
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- Press on a ventilatory belt (belts) on the site in the middle between pulleys of the generator and water pump with effort 98 N (effort of a thumb). The required deflection of a belt makes 4 ÷ 8 mm for models of 3.0 l and 13 ÷ 15 mm for models of 4.2 l.
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Surely you make replacement of belts on models of 4.2 l in a set. |
- In case of need weaken a lock bolt of the generator and rotation of an adjusting bolt achieve the required effort of a tension of a belt (in deflection size).
- Tighten a lock bolt of the generator, start the engine approximately for five minutes and again check correctness of a tension of a belt.
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Driving belt of the steering pump
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- Press on a driving belt on the site in the middle between pulleys of the steering pump and a bent shaft with effort 98 N (effort of a thumb). The required deflection of a belt makes 11 ÷ 15 mm for models of 3.0 l and 15 ÷ 17 mm for models of 4.2 l.
- In case of need weaken a lock bolt of the steering pump and rotation of an adjusting bolt achieve the correct effort of a tension of a belt (in deflection size).
- Tighten a lock bolt of the steering pump, start the engine approximately for five minutes and repeat check of a tension of a belt.
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Driving compressor belt of the conditioner of air
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- Press a belt on the site in the middle between pulleys of the compressor of the conditioner and a bent shaft with effort of 98 N (effort of a thumb). The required deflection of a belt makes 6 ÷ 10 mm for models of 3.0 l and 8 ÷ 10 mm for models of 4.2 l.
- In case of need weaken a clamping nut in the center of a tension roller and rotation of an adjusting bolt achieve the correct effort of a tension of a belt (in deflection size).
- Tighten a lock nut of a tension roller, start the engine approximately for five minutes and repeat check of a tension of a belt.
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Care of high-voltage wires
For the purpose of suppression of a radio noise of VV of a wire, laid between candles and a cover of the distributor of ignition, and also between the central plug of a cover of the distributor and the coil of ignition are equipped instead of a copper conducting vein with the coal core. Such core easily breaks therefore it is not necessary to bend excessively wires and at a detachment from spark plugs to pull only for a tip, and not for a wire at all. It is necessary to be careful as well at connection of wires. Perelamyvaniye of the VV core of a wire can become the reason of admissions of ignition in the engine.
Check all VV of a wire for existence of outer defects of isolation (attritions and cracks), in case of need make replacement. You should not undertake attempts of repair of the damaged wire at all. Before check of a wire it is necessary to clear, having wiped with the rags moistened in kerosene, then to dry carefully.
Measurement of resistive resistance of VV of wires
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If the ohmmeter is available, measurement of resistive resistance of VV of wires can be performed. |
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- Having uncovered the distributor together with the wires connected to it by VV, begin to measure serially resistance of each of wires, connecting ohmmeter probes to a candle tip of a wire and the corresponding plug in a distributor cover (see an accompanying illustration). Resistance should not exceed 30 kOhm.
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- If the result of measurement exceeds value 30 kOhm, disconnect the corresponding wire from a cover of the distributor and repeat measurement already separately for a wire. If the result is confirmed, the wire is subject to replacement.
- The increased resistance in a cover of the distributor can is connected with oxidation of its plugs. In this case traces of corrosion have to be removed from plugs by means of a suitable scraper of the small size or an emery paper.
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Also examine a distributor cover from within and outside on existence in it of cracks and coal paths between VV plugs. At detection of similar defects the cover should be replaced.
Check also a condition of a coal brush in the central part of a cover of the distributor. in case of identification of traces of formation of an electric arch and other damages make replacement. |
Check of a state and service of spark plugs
Check of a state, cleaning and installation of interelectrode gaps of spark plugs should be made regularly, according to the schedule of routine maintenance of the car, through each 20 000 km of a run.
Before removal of candles make sure of purity of candle niches in order to avoid hit in cylinders of foreign objects and small garbage. In case of need wipe niches or an obduyta with their air, having used the ordinary bicycle pump for this purpose.
Working part of the candles removed from the engine which is in a working mechanical order has to be covered with an easy powdery raid from light brown till gray-golden color. After performance of service signs of wear and a normal obgoraniye of electrodes can be shown.
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Existence on a working part of candles of a thick layer of oil deposits of black color (see an accompanying illustration) demonstrates to the excessive consumption of oil caused by a bad mechanical condition of the engine or that candles with excessively low kalilny number are used. |
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At an erosion of electrodes the candle should be counted up to the degree shown on an accompanying illustration worn-out and it is necessary to replace on new, suitable type. |
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Existence on a working part of deposits of white or yellowish color speaks about excessive addiction of the driver to the bystry driving which is followed by engine overheats or about application of candles with excessively high kalilny number, in particular when it is followed by cracks of the porcelain insulator and an obgoraniye of electrodes (see an accompanying illustration). |
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Before installation of spark plugs on the engine make check of interelectrode gaps by means of the special measuring probe of wire type (see an accompanying illustration). as a last resort it is possible to use the probe of lezviyny type. In case of need corrections of a gap turn in appropriately side electrode by means of adaptation which is built in the measuring probe.
Screw candles manually in a head of cylinders, then by means of a dynamometer key tighten them with the required effort. |
At correction of gaps and a vvorachivaniya of candles be careful - on an accompanying illustration the section of a working part of a candle illustrating defect of the insulator of the central electrode in the form of cracks which are usually formed when applying excessive efforts during adjustment of an interelectrode gap is shown. The distortion of a candle key when tightening a candle appears the cause of cracks in the insulator of a shaft of a candle more often.
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If the dynamometer key is not had near at hand, candles should be tightened with extra care as pulling is fraught with failure of a carving in landing openings in a body of the head of cylinders made of soft aluminum alloy. Will be after tightening of candles to tighten manually them on 1/4 turns the special candle key equipped with a soft insert enough. |
Adjustment of gaps of valves (model of 4.2 l)
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The 3.0 l engines are equipped with hydraulic pushers and do not need regular correction of valvate gaps. On models of 4.2 l adjustment of valves should be made according to the schedule of routine maintenance of the car. |
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- Start the engine and warm up it up to the normal working temperature.
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If adjustment of valves is made after performance of service of a head of cylinders or yokes, initial installation should be made on the cold engine. |
- Remove the air inlet sleeve laid between the air cleaner and a cyclonic pyleotdelitel of preliminary cleaning. In order to avoid hit of dirt in the engine wipe with suitable solvent a joint of a cover of a head of cylinders with the head case.
- Disconnect hoses of ventilation of the engine, give fixing bolts and uncover a head of cylinders.
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- Turning the engine in the normal direction (see the Section the General information at the beginning of the Head), bring the piston of the first cylinder into the provision of VMT of the end of a step of compression. At the same time the distributive tag on a pulley of a bent shaft has to be combined with a zero tag on a cover of the drive of the gas-distributing mechanism (see an accompanying illustration), and two valves of the sixth cylinder - to reach positions of overlapping: one, directly preceding closing, the second - to opening.
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- By means of an edge of 0.38 mm of the measuring probe estimate a gap between an end face of a core of the inlet valve of the first cylinder and a working surface of its yoke (see an accompanying illustration). The edge has to with an easy resistance pass through a gap.
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- In case of need adjustments weaken a lock-nut of the adjusting screw of a yoke and rotate the screw, achieving the required result. Having fixed the screw in the chosen situation, tighten a lock-nut. Once again repeat check of a gap the probe after tightening of a lock-nut.
- Working similarly, check and modify gaps of the following valves: final first, third and fifth cylinders, inlet second and fourth cylinders.
- Turn a bent shaft on one whole revolution in the direction of normal rotation so that the piston of the sixth cylinder moved to the provision of VMT of the end of a step of compression. The position of overlapping stated above will be reached respectively valves of the first cylinder.
- Now execute check and correction of gaps of final valves of the second, fourth and sixth cylinders and inlet - the third, fifth and sixth.
- Establish into place a cover of a head of cylinders, having replaced if necessary sealing laying, and an air inlet sleeve.
- Start the engine and check a cover of a head of cylinders for existence of signs of leaks. At identification of those remove the cause.
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Check of compression pressure
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- Disconnect wire VV from spark plugs.
- Clear candle niches of dirt and garbage. Turn out candles.
- Disunite the electric socket on the carburetor for prevention of operation of the electromagnetic valve of interruption in supply of fuel.
- On models of 3.0 l disunite the electric socket of the distributor for the purpose of a de-energization of system of ignition.
- On models of 4.2 l for a de-energization of system of ignition disconnect a positive wire from the coil. Insulate a wire tip an adhesive tape for the purpose of prevention of casual short circuit.
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- Establish компрессометр in a nest of a spark plug of the first cylinder (see an accompanying illustration) (follow instructions of the manufacturer of the device).
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- Ask the assistant to open completely a butterfly valve and to turn the engine a starter. After reading of the maximum indication of the measuring instrument (usually that is reached on the third or fourth turn of the engine) the starter can be switched off.
- Write down result and repeat check for the remained cylinders.
- Compare among themselves all taken readings (the required values and an admissible difference between cylinders are given in size tables and adjustments at the end of the Management).
- If compression pressure in one or several cylinders is underestimated, make the following additional check:
- Pour in a small amount of motive oil in the corresponding candle opening(s), for uniformity of distribution of oil in the cylinder(s) turn the engine.
- Repeat check of compression pressure for this cylinder(s).
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Essential increase of compression pressure after filling in the cylinder of oil is a sign of wear or damage of piston rings, the piston or a mirror of the cylinder.
Lack of any noticeable changes in indications can be considered as a sign of jamming, a burn-out, or damage of valves or violation of tightness of laying of a head of cylinders.
The models of 4.2 l of late years of release equipped with system of injection of fuel (EFI)
