3.2. Procedures of service of wheels
Wheels with steel disks
Stamped steel disks are subject to regular cleaning during which from them all foreign objects and mud deposits have to be removed. Sticking of foreign objects leads to violation of balancing of a wheel and can be the reason of vibrations of the car during the movement and uneven wear of protectors. The peeled paint should be restored at the first opportunity in order to avoid development of corrosion of a disk.
Insignificant deformations of a rim of a disk can be corrected by a rikhtovka by the hammer. The wheel at the same time has to be removed from the car. In case of strong damages the disk is subject to replacement. Good practice is periodic removal of wheels for careful survey of disks on existence of traces of corrosion, cracks and other damages.
Wheels with cast disks
Cast disks, also as well as steel have to be cleared regularly of dirt and the stuck foreign objects influencing balancing of a wheel. Aluminum alloy of disks is also subject to corrosion, in particular at contact with salty water.
Cast disks, being made of softer material by what stamped, istsarapyvatsya easier at contact with firm objects, however scratches and teases have no significant effect on suitability of a wheel to operation. In case of strong damage the disk is subject to replacement. The deformed and burst cast disks are not subject to recovery repair.
Care of tires and rotation of wheels
Operation of tires with a protector pattern depth less than 1.5 mm is inadmissible. Sometimes tires are fabrichno completed with wear indicators at which exit aflush with a protector surface the tire is also subject to replacement (see an accompanying illustration).
| 1 — protector pattern flutes (admissible depth - not less than 1.5 mm) 2 — indicators of wear of a protector |
Tires should be changed also with obvious defects, both internal, and external. Small punctures and thinnesses can be eliminated in a tire workshop. At emergence of any doubts in assessment of a condition of tires of your car address for consultation specialists in mounting.
Flutes of a protector and board of tires have to look round regularly on existence of the foreign objects which got stuck in them, such as nails, small stones, etc. all objects of this sort have to be taken from a protector immediately after their detection. In case of a puncture the wheel has to is delivered for repair in a tire workshop.
Gates of a rating of tires have to be surely completed with protective caps (in order to avoid development of corrosion of the nipple). Besides, them follows regularly (every time when checking pressure of a rating of tires) to clear of dirt and dust and to check for existence of signs of leak of air.
Regularly check tires for existence of signs of uneven wear and in case of that identification, address materials of the Section devoted to diagnostics of malfunctions of tires in Introduction to the present manual for the purpose of clarification of the reasons and possible ways of their elimination. If uneven wear of tires manages to be revealed at an initial stage then the cause is in due time removed, service life of tires can be prolonged.
For the purpose of increase in service life of tires it is regularly necessary to make balancing of wheels and check of adjustment of angles of installation of forward wheels (suspension bracket geometry) at the special stand.
It is useful to make periodically rotation of wheels which also allows to keep longer tires in operating state, though is not among the procedures obligatory to performance for the purpose of safety of the movement. It is also necessary to remember that the wheels equipped with radial tires at rotation can be rearranged only in front back without transfer on an opposite board of the car (see an accompanying illustration).
| 1 — rotation of wheels without inclusion spare 2 — rotation with inclusion of a spare wheel |
Maintenance of the required pressure in tires is, perhaps, the most important of procedures of regular service of wheels. The rating pressure deviation from norm in any party leads to acceleration of process of wear of tires and even to their gap during the movement owing to an overheat. Whenever possible it is necessary to check pressure of a rating of tires on cold wheels (otherwise the result will be overestimated owing to thermal expansion of air).
As a rule, it is forbidden to complete the car with tires of the different sizes and with various pattern of a protector. Ideally all wheels, including spare have to be completed with tires of an identical standard size. Simultaneous installation of the wheels equipped with tires with a radial and usual cord is strictly forbidden.