798646e1

4.2.6. Service of a head of cylinders and camshaft

Implementation of the procedures described below requires the following special equipment: the tool for compression of valvate springs, a micrometer, the dial measuring instrument of plunger type and the measuring instrument of planeness (an edge of a steel ruler).

Removal and installation

Removal

The head of cylinders in principle can be removed assembled with the inlet pipeline and a final collector, however in view of relevancy of mass-dimensional characteristics of such assembly authors of this manual recommend to adhere to the order of implementation of the procedure stated below.


 PERFORMANCE ORDER

  1. Disconnect a negative wire from the battery.
  2. Take care of protection of a paint and varnish covering of the body panels surrounding a motive compartment.
  3. Empty the cooling system.
  4. Remove the air cleaner.
  5. Remove assembly of the drive of valves, the inlet pipeline and a final collector.
  6. Take off a gas-distributing belt.

In order to avoid deformation of a head of cylinders give bolts of its fastening on the hot engine.

  1. Give back angular and forward angular bolts of a head of cylinders.
  2. Working as it should be, the return to a tightening order, gradually weaken bolts of fastening of a head.
  3. By means of the assistant remove a head of cylinders from the engine, trying not to damage its interfaced surface.

Do not allow an engine provorachivaniye after removal of a head of cylinders from it. Remember the provision of the directing camshaft pin - it has to be in the top point of an epyura of the course. Installation of a head with incorrectly turned camshaft will lead to damage of valves and pistons.

Installation

Installation is made upside-down.

 PERFORMANCE ORDER

  1. Make sure of absoluteness of purity of the interfaced surfaces of a head and the block of cylinders.
  1. Check planeness of a head (see an accompanying illustration). In case of need execute its pro-point, or replace.
  1. Similarly check planeness of the interfaced surface of the block of cylinders. In case of need remove the engine and give the block to a pro-point.
  2. Lay laying of a head on the block of cylinders, having tracked correctness of placement of all its openings.
  3. Install a head on the place on the block of cylinders, slightly grease carvings and washers of bolts and screw fixture.

Washers of bolts of fastening of a head have to be established by facets to heads of bolts.

  1. Freely screw angular bolts.
  1. Tighten fixture in the order shown on an accompanying illustration.

Angular bolts of X, Y and Z drag on after completion of tightening of the main fixture! At the same time:

  1. At the first stage tighten bolts (main) with effort of 29 Nanometers;
  2. Further tighten them with effort of 78 Nanometers;
  3. Completely weaken bolts upside-down;
  4. Again tighten them with effort of 29 Nanometers;
  5. Tighten bolts with effort of 78 ÷ 88 Nanometers, or (that it is more preferable) by means of a goniometer for 100 ÷ 105 °
  1. Tighten angular bolts of a head with effort of 9 ÷ 12 Nanometers.
  2. Establish into place assembly of the drive of valves, and also the inlet pipeline and a final collector.
  3. Put on a gas-distributing belt.
  4. Fill the cooling system.
  5. Start the engine and check it for leaks.

Dismantling

Performance of capital repairs of a head of cylinders demands use of the special equipment. Acquisition or rent of such equipment usually are economically unprofitable at repair of only one head. In view of the aforesaid it will be expedient to charge performance of capital repairs of a head of cylinders to experts of a workshop of dealer office of the manufacturing company of the car, or car repair shop. In some company workshops it is possible to get the replaceable restored head on an exchange basis that allows to reduce idle time of the car considerably.


 PERFORMANCE ORDER

  1. Remove a head of cylinders from the engine.
  2. Remove the distributor.
  3. Having blocked a camshaft cogwheel by means of the suitable tool, give bolts of its fastening.

The tool has to be entered into gearing with a forward part of a wheel, and not with its teeth at all!

  1. Remove a cogwheel from a camshaft pin.
  1. Give bolts of fastening of a persistent plate of the camshaft, then it is careful, trying not to damage bearings in a head, take from it a shaft. The camshaft and components of its drive are shown on an accompanying illustration.
1 — washers
2 — an epiploon
3 — a sealing ring
4 — bolts

5 — a cogwheel
6 — a persistent plate
7 — the camshaft
  1. Before removal of valves remove coal deposits from walls of combustion chambers, - it will help to avoid damage of valves and their saddles.
  2. Lay a head sideways. By means of the special tool squeeze a valvate spring.
  3. Take from a plate of valvate springs two crackers of the cutting lock (components of valves are shown on an accompanying illustration).
1 — crackers
2 — plates of springs
3 — maslootrazhatelny caps
4 — springs
5 — rounds with the shortened step
6 — saddles of springs
7 — the final valve
8 — the inlet valve

At emergence of difficulties during extraction of crackers from a plate of valvate springs sharply knock on edge of a plate with the hammer handle.

  1. Release the tool and remove a plate and springs.
  2. Remove with a file from edges of a flute under installation of crackers all visible minor defects in the form of agnails and zadir, then take the valve from a head of cylinders.
  3. Working in the described order, remove the remained valves with their accessories. Put components as installation them on the engine.

The lath with twelve numbered openings in which it is necessary to stick cores valves in the order of their installation in a head perfectly will be suitable for the ordered warehousing of valves.

  1. Carefully hooking, remove maslootrazhatelny caps from cores of valves. You will throw out them.

Cleaning and check of a condition of a head and its components

 PERFORMANCE ORDER

  1. Carefully clear valves, reject defective (with progara, cracks and deformation of cores).
  2. Carefully remove the accumulated deposits from reception and final ports of a head, cores of valves and their guides of plugs. Try not to damage the interfaced surfaces.
  3. Clear the interfaced head surface, channels of a water shirt, a support and a nest of installation of the thermostat.
  4. Wash up a head of cylinders in kerosene, wash out water from a hose, then carefully dry in order to avoid corrosion development.
  5. Install each valve in the corresponding guide. Lift the valve so that the end face of its core appeared in 30 mm over an end face of the directing plug. Fix the dial measuring instrument so that its plunger rested against the forming valve core shaft surface.
  6. Having shaken a valve core in the cross direction parallel to the yoke arrangement plane, determine the size of its side side play. If the result of measurement exceeds 0.2 mm, measure the internal diameter of the directing plug and diameter of a core, compare results of measurements to requirements of size tables and adjustments, replace excessively worn-out components. Repeat the procedure of check for all remained valves.

Removal and installation of the directing plugs of valves demand warming up of a head of cylinders up to the temperature of 150 ° ÷ of 160 °C, besides at installation of the plug have to be the correct image of a razzenkovana in view of what authors of this manual recommend to charge performance of this work to experts of a workshop of car service.

  1. In the presence of signs of leaks or destruction of material as a result of aging, replace spherical caps of a water shirt of a head of cylinders.
  2. Check planeness of the interfaced surfaces of a head and the block of cylinders. In case of need make a pro-point.
  3. Examine cams and the bearing surfaces of the camshaft on existence of signs of wear and damages.
  4. Lay the camshaft pins in V-shaped blocks and by means of the dial measuring instrument estimate its beating around an arrangement of the central bearing. If the beating exceeds admissible value (see size tables and adjustments at the end of the Management), replace a shaft.
  5. Measure diameter of a bearing neck and height of raising of a cam of the camshaft compare results to standard requirements (see size tables and adjustments at the end of the Management). In case of identification of signs of excessive wear replace a shaft.
  6. Measure the internal diameter of the bearing of the camshaft in a head of cylinders. Compare result to diameter of a bearing neck of a shaft. If the size of a gap exceeds admissible value (see size tables and adjustments at the end of the Management), replace a head.
  7. For measurement of an axial side play install the camshaft and its persistent plate in a head of cylinders. Fix the dial measuring instrument opposite to a forward end face of a shaft. Push a shaft against the stop forward, then completely take away it back and consider indications of the arrow indicator. If the size of an axial side play exceeds admissible value (see size tables and adjustments at the end of the Management), replace a persistent plate.

Restoration of working surfaces of valves and their saddles

This work has to be charged to the qualified specialist having necessary tools. Ask for the help in a workshop of car service.


 PERFORMANCE ORDER

  1. Pierce a plate of each valve under the required corner (see size tables and adjustments at the end of the Management). In case of need grind off a valve core end face on the plane (but do not remove more than 0.2 mm of material).
  2. Measure width of a cylindrical part (corbel) of a plate of the valve. If it already minimum admissible limit (see size tables and adjustments at the end of the Management), the valve is subject replacements.
  3. Check a valve core for existence of signs of a bend. In case of that identification replace the valve.
  4. At a pro-point of saddles of valves use special guides for a cutter. As a result of processing the smooth indissoluble working facet has to be received. Excessively worn-out saddles are subject to replacement.
  5. Upon completion of processing of saddles width of their working facets has to conform to standard requirements which are various for inlet and final valves (see size tables and adjustments at the end of the Management).
  6. For check of development of a spot of contact grease a working surface of a plate of the valve with the Berlin azure, then install the valve in a head and rotate, having pressed to a saddle. After a plate separation of the valve on a working facet of a saddle the uniform indissoluble ring, coaxial saddle axes has to be formed. Check similarly quality of processing of all valves / turned gray.

Check of a condition of valvate springs

 PERFORMANCE ORDER

  1. Measure the free length of valvate springs. Compare results of measurements to standard requirements (see size tables and adjustments at the end of the Management).
  2. Check springs for existence of signs of deformation.
  3. If the special diagnostic tool is not had near at hand, compare length of the loaded spring to that for a new spring. For this purpose rest springs end faces each other, having laid between them a flat plate or a washer, then squeeze assembly in a vice. After data of sponges of a vice approximately on 13 mm length of a serviceable spring should not differ from length new more than for 5%. In case of need replace a spring.

Assembly of a head of cylinders

 PERFORMANCE ORDER

  1. Assembly is made as it should be, the return to a dismantle order.
  2. Before assembly make sure of absoluteness of purity of ports and valvate saddles - on their surfaces there should be no traces of foreign materials. Slightly oil the directing plugs of valves and establish saddles of springs.
  3. Put on guides of valves of a saddle of springs and track new maslootrazhatelny caps reliability of landing of caps.

Two types of maslootrazhatelny caps are applied. On inlet valves the caps strengthened by metal inserts are established and for their landing it is necessary to use a piece of a tube or a replaceable head of suitable diameter. Caps of final valves are equipped with a metal ring in the basis and can be put on the plug by fingers.

  1. At installation of valves try not to damage their cores.
  2. Establish valvate springs. Pay attention that springs of final valves of the first, second and third cylinder are twisted in the direction opposite to the rest. Also you remember that all springs have to be established by rounds with the shortened step (are usually painted) to a head of cylinders.
  3. Install a plate of valvate springs and squeeze springs the special tool.
  4. Insert into a flute on a core crackers of the cutting lock and release the tool. Slightly tap a core end face the hammer with soft brisk for shrinkage of crackers in a plate. Repeat the procedure for the remained valves.
  5. Install into place the camshaft. Try not to damage raising of cams bearings.
  6. Establish a persistent plate of the camshaft with a new sealing ring. Tighten fixing bolts with the required effort.
  7. Grease a new epiploon of the camshaft with pure motive oil and by means of the suitable tool put an epiploon sponges towards the camshaft.
  8. Combine an opening in a shaft cogwheel with the directing pin of the camshaft and put on a wheel a shaft.
  9. Screw bolts of fastening of a cogwheel, without having forgotten to enclose under them washers. Washers have to be established by facets on the inner edges to heads of bolts.
  10. Block a camshaft cogwheel the suitable tool and tighten fixing bolts with the required effort.
  11. Install other components removed in the course of dismantle of a head on the places.